This letter is submitted by the indigenous Mithaka people. Our traditional lands, which cover much of the iconic landscape of Channel Country in south-western Queensland, Australia, are threatened by ongoing and planned oil and natural gas (collectively, “petroleum”) exploitation projects. The government of the state of Queensland (“Queensland Government”) is strongly promoting these projects despite our opposition and without consulting or involving us in decisions concerning them. The environmental harm likely to be caused by petroleum exploitation also poses a serious threat to our culture. Because Australia has taken no action to ensure that we are consulted and involved in these decisions, or to protect our rights to our culture, it is violating its duty to protect our human rights.