In August 2021, environmental and land rights defenders Kavumbi Munga and Anastacia Nambo were attacked and threatened, reportedly due to their firm stand on seeking justice for the inhabitants and environmental pollution victims in Mombasa's Owino Ohuru Slums. They are part of an environmental organisation that went to court on behalf of the slum’s 3,000 residents affected by poisoning stemming from the operations of Metal Refinery EPZ, which was permanently closed in 2014 after 7 years of activity. Few months before the threats to Ms Munga and Nambo, the court ordered the government to pay compensation for failure to enforce environmental regulations and measures on the company.

Previously, Anastacia Nambo was attacked in 2017 for her work against the pollution provoked by EPZ.