...In Section 731 of the USMCA Implementation Act,1 Congress established the Independent Mexico Labor Expert Board (IMLEB), hereinafter “the Board,” comprising 12 members appointed by Congressional leadership and the Labor Advisory Committee, for the purpose of monitoring and evaluating the implementation of Mexico’s labor reform and compliance with its labor obligations. The Board shall also advise the Interagency Labor Committee with respect to capacity building activities needed to support such implementation and compliance... The Board provides this Interim report to assist the ILC and the Congress in their assessment of the efforts of Mexico to implement Mexico’s labor reform, and the manner and extent to which labor laws are generally enforced in Mexico. While the first phase of implementation of the new labor institutions established under the 2019 reform was delayed until November 18, 2020 (due to the Covid-19 pandemic), the Board has identified a number of serious concerns with Mexico’s labor law enforcement process that we believe must be addressed promptly. In addition, the Board has identified issues affecting capacity building activities needed to support the implementation of Mexico’s labor reform and compliance with its labor obligations that also require immediate attention...Recommendations: End violence against workers; Promote transparency; Focus implementation on USMCA priority sectors; Reform the legitimization process; Strengthen labor inspection; Increase and focus USG funding to build worker capacity; Hold employers accountable; Message to Mexican workers and employers...