This study examines state obligations to prevent and redress corporate-related human rights violations under the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. It discusses the evolving jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights in two areas of international legal doctrine of particular relevance to the business and human rights debate: the application of international human rights obligations to non-state actors (the public-private divide); and the jurisdictional scope of international human rights treaties (the territoriality-extraterritoriality divide). The study revises and updates a 2010 contribution to the mandate of the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General on the Issue of Human Rights and Transnational Corporations and Other Business Entities John Ruggie... While the European Convention does not directly bind corporations as non-state actors, it imposes negative and positive obligations on States to secure human rights against corporate abuse... While the ECtHR’s approach to extraterritorial human rights protection has significantly evolved over the past years, it remains premised upon an essentially territorial notion of jurisdiction...