Sierra Leone government officials...admit that there is still rampant illegal mining and smuggling...[T]he diamond industry in Sierra Leone is extraordinarily difficult to manage and control. Indeed it was these very factors that made the country so vulnerable to instability. But government officials are right to claim that they have made progress in expanding the licit sector...[Still,] the loss to the nation [from smuggling] must be huge. The loss [from low payments by dealers] to the artisanal miners, the labourers who seem forever stuck in poverty, is even greater. [refers to Koidu Holdings (joint venture Energem Resources, Magma Diamond Resources [part of Benny Steinmetz Group], BSG Resources), Sierra Leone Diamond, Fatkad Mining (part of Sierra Leone Diamond), Kangaroo Mining (part of Sierra Leone Diamond), Molans Mining (part of Sierra Leone Diamond), North West Diamond & Gold (part of Sierra Leone Diamond)]