This Dutch Bill for Responsible and Sustainable International Business Conduct follows the Child Labour Due Diligence Act that was adopted by the Dutch Parliament in 2019 but has not entered into force yet. Back then, several parties had already argued that a broad due diligence law covering all human rights and environmental standards would align better with the existing international normative framework for responsible business conduct... In cooperation with the MVO Platform, the Dutch network of civil society organisations and trade unions in the field of corporate accountability, several major political parties began developing such broad legislation. After several years of preparation and consultation, the law was finally submitted in parliament by four political parties (Labour, Greens, Socialists and the Christian Union) in March 2021. 

The law imposes a duty of care to prevent negative impacts on human rights and the environment – including the climate – on all companies in all economic sectors – including the financial sector – that are registered in the Netherlands or sell products or services on the Dutch market. This duty of care also applies to negative impacts in companies’ global value chains, regardless of tier... 

The bill furthermore imposes a due diligence obligation on all companies that exceed at least two of three threshold criteria: an employee base of at least 250 employees, a total balance sheet value of more than 20 million euros, and a net turnover of more than 40 million euros. This means the bill also applies to so-called ‘letterbox companies’, such as large multinational enterprises that are headquartered in the Netherlands only on paper... The bill also makes clear that companies are obliged to provide remedy to affected rights-holders and explicitly states that failure to do so is considered violation of the law.

The bill includes administrative, civil and criminal liability and enforcement. The main enforcement mechanism consists of an independent public regulator that can issue binding instructions and financial sanctions and make such decisions public. The regulator can also choose to proactively provide companies with more “positive” guidance on their due diligence obligations. By combining “positive” and more punitive enforcement, the bill aims to give companies the opportunity to improve their behaviour if they are found to be in breach of the law... If the regulator imposes financial sanctions on a company twice within five years, a third violation of the law will be considered a criminal offence by the company or the responsible executive or board member, punishable by fines and jail time. Under Dutch civil code, stakeholders such as NGOs and labour unions have standing to file claims against companies in violation of the duty of care or the due diligence obligation in Dutch civil court. 

The bill proposes replacing the Child Labour Due Diligence Act, for which the Dutch government is currently developing implementation orders. While negotiations for the next Dutch government are now starting following the national elections on March 17th, the Dutch Foreign Ministry is pushing for the adoption of a directive on responsible business conduct at the European Union level. At the same time, however, the ministry is also preparing “building blocks” for national due diligence legislation, which are expected to become public this summer. The next steps regarding the Bill for Responsible and Sustainable International Business Conduct very much depend on the outcome of government coalition agreements following the elections.