In December 2020, the Resistance Assembly of the Munduruku People met to discuss urgent threats to Munduruku territory, producing a declaration that demands recognition of the Munduruku's rights to life and territory. They identified illegal "wildcat" and industrial mining as among the principal threats.

A recent report from InfoAmazônia news agency revealed that Brazil's National Mining Agency (ANM) granted 27 permits for Anglo American to prospect copper within Indigenous lands in the states of Mato Grosso and Pará, with emphasis on the Munduruku's Sawré Muybu Indigenous territory in Pará state. In an earlier response provided to the Business and Human Rights Resource Centre, Anglo American stated that it had given up all requests for mineral exploration in areas located on Indigenous lands in Brazil.

The Association of Brazil's Indigenous Peoples and Amazon Watch have written a letter asking Anglo American to clarify whether it does have permits on Indigenous lands and calls on the company to make a public commitment to refrain from carrying out any mining activities on Indigenous lands in Brazil, regardless of changes in Brazilian legislation, in line with its human rights and biodiversity protection commitments, in particular the Declaration of ICMM's position on Mining and Protected Areas.

The Business & Human Rights Resource Centre invited Anglo American to respond; the response is below.