According to a report from Oil Change International, investor-owned and private oil companies, including Shell, are reportedly "complicit in facilitating supplies of crude oil to Israel" and collectively supply "66% of oil to Israel." Major international oil companies, such as Shell, are collectively linked to "35% of the crude oil supplied to Israel since October." Kazakhstan, supplying "22% of the oil imported by Israel," sends its crude via the Caspian Pipeline (CPC), a joint venture partially owned by Shell and other major companies. Additionally, a 30-kiloton shipment of Italian crude oil from the Val D’Agri project, where Shell holds a 39% stake, was imported by Israel, representing "1% of the total."

Given Shell’s involvement, and despite growing international pressure and scrutiny over military aid to Israel, the continued supply of oil by Shell, highlights the company’s purported complicity in supporting military actions that contribute to severe human rights abuses.

We requested Shell Limited to respond to the above as well as the following questions:

1. Can you confirm if your company supplies oil to Israel?
2. How does your company reconcile its supply of oil to Israel with the International Court of Justice ruling and its obligations under the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights?

Shell declined to comment on the allegations.