An international arbitration tribunal last week found the Republic of Ecuador has violated international law and its treaty obligations to the United States in failing to prevent the attempted enforcement of an $18 billion-plus judgment against Chevron Corp. On Thursday, the tribunal issued an award finding that Ecuador has violated its prior interim awards. The tribunal is convened under the authority of the U.S.-Ecuador Bilateral Investment Treaty, also known as the BIT, and administered by the Permanent Court of Arbitration.