[Three new EU] Directives explicitly welcome the use of social and human rights related criteria within procurement processes in a way most would not have thought possible only a few years ago...[For example, they] emphasise more qualitative approaches and allow a much broader range of social and human rights related measures at all phases of the procurement process – all of which cover not only the main contractor but their subcontractors as well.  There are also limitations from a human rights perspective to the way the new Directives shape EU public procurement processes.  In particular, many of the social and human rights related provisions are largely or entirely discretionary on EU Member States as to whether and how to actively implement them...Policy incoherence at the EU institutional level is also at risk, specifically regarding the EU’s commitment to widespread dissemination and uptake of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights...What is needed now from the European Commission is technical and practical guidance on how to implement the new approaches on human rights and social measures set out in the 2014 Directive...