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[PDF] Background Paper for the World Development Report 2012: Private Sector Voluntary Initiatives on Labor Standards
This paper will consider the role and functioning of private sector initiatives that are voluntarily adopted by companies in order to uphold, monitor and improve labour standards and working conditions in global supply chains, through activities such as corporate codes of conduct, guidelines, recommendations and rules. [refers to Apple, Marks & Spencer, Levi Strauss, Carrefour, Metro, Migros, Tesco, Walmart GAP, Dole, Timberland, Starbucks, Tichbo]